pISSN 2234-3806eISSN 2234-3814
Table. 3.
Summary of the survey to nurses (N=673)
| Questionnaire | N of respondents (%) |
|---|---|
| Presence of nursing practice guidelines for RBC transfusion | |
| Yes | 616 (91.5) |
| No | 4 (0.6) |
| Unknown | 53 (7.9) |
| Contents of nursing practice guidelines for RBC transfusion |
|
| Preparation for RBC transfusion | 614 (99.7) |
| Storage of RBC units until transfusion | 571 (92.7) |
| Storage temperature for RBC units | 558 (90.6) |
| Transport temperature for RBC units | 355 (57.6) |
| Nursing practice during intra-transfusion | 600 (97.4) |
| Standard and procedure for return and discard of RBC units | 615 (99.8) |
| Criteria for discard of RBC units after issue in nursing practice guidelines for RBC transfusion |
615 (99.8) |
| Exposure to RT for over 30 minutes | 570 (92.7) |
| ST of RBC unit to reach 10°C | 251 (40.8) |
| Damaged RBC units | 555 (90.2) |
| Contaminated RBC units | 547 (88.9) |
| Withdrawal of RBC transfusion due to the change of patient’s condition | 468 (76.1) |
| Transfusion-related adverse reactions | 528 (85.9) |
| Use of transport container to ward after issue | |
| Yes | 666 (99.0) |
| No | 1 (0.1) |
| Unknown | 6 (0.9) |
| Types of transport container to ward after issue | |
| Cooler only | 278 (41.7) |
| Cooler with refrigerant | 361 (54.2) |
| Cooler with refrigerant and TI | 8 (1.2) |
| Others (e.g., cool bag, plastic box, plastic bag) | 19 (2.8) |
| ST monitoring of RBC units at transport after issue | 8 (1.2) |
| Blood refrigerator equipped in ward or outpatient clinic | 200 (29.7) |
| GW | 83 (41.5) |
| ICU | 51 (25.5) |
| OR | 36 (18.0) |
| ED | 20 (10.0) |
| OC | 10 (5.0) |
| Storage time limit of RBC units in blood refrigerator at ward | |
| ≤ 30 min | 6 (3.0) |
| ≤ 12 hr | 9 (4.5) |
| ≤ 24 hr | 170 (85.0) |
| > 24 hr | 5 (2.5) |
| No standard | 2 (1.0) |
| Unknown | 8 (4.0) |
| Monitoring of temperature of blood refrigerator at ward | |
| Electronic monitoring only | 40 (20.0) |
| Electronic monitoring with regular check by clinical nurses | 148 (74.0) |
| Unknown | 12 (6.0) |
| Knowledge about the 30-minute rule | 669 (99.4) |
| Compliance of the 30-minute rule | 666 (99.0) |
| Experience of discard of RBC units due to violation of the 30-minute rule | 92 (13.7) |
| Reasons of discard of RBC units due to violation of the 30-minute rule |
|
| Withdrawal of transfusion due to change of patient’s condition | 77 (11.4) |
| Delayed transfusion due to other nursing tasks | 12 (1.8) |
| Delayed transport of RBC units | 2 (0.3) |
| Exposure to RT over 30 minutes after issue | 1 (0.2) |
| Failed blood refrigerator in ward | 1 (0.2) |
| Patient’s absence | 1 (0.2) |
| Expected utility of TIs to reduce RBC wastage | |
| High utility | 559 (83.1) |
| Low utility | 114 (16.9) |
| Reasons of expected low utility of TIs to reduce RBC wastage |
114 (16.9) |
| Difficulty of reading a color change of TIs | 87 (76.3) |
| Low RBC wastage due to violation of the 30-minute rule | 71 (62.3) |
| Possibility of delayed transfusion due to reading a color change of TIs | 71 (62.3) |
| Insufficient time to read a color change of TIs due to nursing tasks | 53 (46.5) |
| Possibility to increase RBC wastage due to a too fast color change of TIs | 2 (1.8) |
*Multiple choice.
Abbreviations: RBC, red blood cells; OC, outpatient clinic; RT, room temperature; ST, surface temperature; TI, temperature-sensitive indicator; GW, general ward; ICU, intensive care unit; OR, operating room; ED, emergency department.
Ann Lab Med 2022;42:342~351 https://doi.org/10.3343/alm.2022.42.3.342
© Ann Lab Med