Fig. 2. Correlation between CD69 and antiviral cytokine production by T cells. Levels of (A) IL-2, (B) IFN-γ, (C) TNF-α, (D) IL-6, and (E) granzyme B produced by CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the CD69^high and CD69^low groups, and correlations between these antiviral cytokines and CD69 levels on CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. None of the continuous variables conformed to the normal distribution. Differences were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. Spearman correlation was used for correlation analysis. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001.
Abbreviations: IL, interleukin; IFN-γ, interferon-gamma; ns, non-significant; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha.

Ann Lab Med 2025;45:185~198 https://doi.org/10.3343/alm.2024.0178