Table. 2.

Table 2 Summary of Cox regression results

Parameter	Univariable				Multivariable
Parameter	HR for PFS (95% CI)	P	HR for OS (95% CI)	P	HR for PFS (95% CI)	P	HR for OS (95% CI)	P
ctDNA at baseline
Positives vs. negatives	1.84 (0.96–3.52)	0.07	2.06 (0.74-5.73)	0.16
ctDNA response
Non-responders vs. negatives	4.40 (1.94–10.00)	<0.001	4.35 (1.39–13.62)	0.01	4.02 (1.59–10.16)	0.003	4.72 (1.28–17.41)	0.02
Non-responders vs. responders	3.66 (1.54–8.67)	0.003	4.72 (1.22–18.20)	0.02	3.32 (1.37–8.03)	0.008	4.28 (1.09–16.84)	0.04
Responders vs. negatives	1.20 (0.56–2.57)	0.63	0.92 (0.23–3.75)	0.91	1.21 (0.55–2.69)	0.64	1.10 (0.25–4.80)	0.90
CA19-9 at baseline
CA19-9, U/mL, continuous value	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.34	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.91
≥402 U/mL vs. <402 U/mL	0.85 (0.45–1.58)	0.60	0.62 (0.25–1.59)	0.32
CA19-9 change
Decrease <50% vs. baseline <37 U/mL	0.88 (0.39–1.97)	0.76	0.51 (0.17–1.51)	0.23	0.59 (0.24–1.45)	0.25	0.34 (0.10–1.11)	0.07
Decrease <50% vs. decrease ≥50%	2.61 (1.21–5.64)	0.01	2.63 (0.68–10.13)	0.16	1.80 (0.77–4.20)	0.17	1.44 (0.32–6.54)	0.64
Decrease ≥50% vs. baseline <37 U/mL	0.34 (0.13–0.85)	0.02	0.20 (0.05–0.78)	0.02	0.33 (0.13–0.84)	0.02	0.23 (0.06–0.96)	0.04
Age	1.02 (0.98–1.05)	0.38	1.03 (0.98–1.10)	0.26
Sex
Male vs. female	1.80 (0.93–3.49)	0.08	2.75 (0.90–8.40)	0.08
No. of metastasis sites
Single vs. multiple	1.32 (0.69–2.51)	0.41	1.68 (0.62–4.50)	0.31
Chemotherapy regimen
FOLFIRINOX vs. gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel	1.77 (0.67–4.70)	0.25	2.34 (0.76–7.21)	0.14

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; FOLFIRINOX, combination of folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin; HR, hazard ratio; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival.

Ann Lab Med 2025;45:199~208 https://doi.org/10.3343/alm.2024.0345